UK’s Boris Johnson to hike taxes to tackle Covid and social care crises

• U.K. Prime Minister Boris Johnson wants to raise taxes to fund social care reforms and the country’s National Health Service.
• Johnson laid out plans to increase the U.K.’s National Insurance levy by around 1.25%, with taxes on shareholders also reportedly set to go up.  
• The move is facing resistance from lawmakers in Johnson’s own Conservative Party, who fear a tax hike could cost votes.

LONDON — U.K. Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced plans to hike taxes on Tuesday to fund health care and reforms to the country's social care system.

From April, a new 1.25% health and social care levy on earned income will be introduced across the U.K. Tax rates on shareholder dividends will increase by the same amount.

The increased taxes will raise almost £36 billion over the next three years, according to the government, with money from the levy going directly to Britain's health and social care systems.

Speaking to lawmakers in the House of Commons on Tuesday, Johnson said it would be "wrong for me to say that we can pay for this pandemic without taking the difficult but responsible decisions about how we finance it."

The prime minister said that because the new tax rate would be a permanent additional investment in health and social care, it would be "irresponsible" to meet the costs through more borrowing.

"Some will ask why we don't increase income tax or capital gains tax instead. Income tax isn't paid by businesses, so the whole burden would fall on individuals, roughly doubling the amount that the basic tax payer could expect to pay. And the total revenue from capital gains tax amounts to less than £9 billion this year," he told politicians.

"Instead, our new levy will share the cost between individuals and businesses, and everyone will contribute according to their means. Those who earn more will pay more. And because we're also increasing dividends tax rates, we will be asking better off business owners and investors to make a fair contribution too. In fact, the highest-earning 14% will pay around half the revenues."

By increasing the National Insurance rate (a tax on earnings) by an expected 1.25%, Johnson's government aims to tackle crises in social care funding and National Health Service treatment waiting lists, the latter of which has spiraled amid escalating pressure on health care services throughout the Covid-19 pandemic.

Under Britain's National Insurance scheme, workers and employers pay a levy that funds certain welfare programs like state pensions, statutory sick pay and maternity pay. People over the state pension age do not pay the levy, which effectively lowers their tax bill.

For workers earning between £797 and £4,189 a month, National Insurance payments are 12% of their earnings. Additional earnings in excess of £4,189 a month are taxed at 2%. Those payments are made on top of income tax.

England's NHS will be given a £5.4 billion cash injection over the next six months to bolster its response to the Covid-19 crisis, the government announced on Monday. Of that funding, £1 billion will go toward reducing the treatment backlog created by the pandemic.

In August, an analysis carried out by The Nuffield Trust found that almost 1.2 million people in England were having to wait more than six months to access vital NHS services like cardiology and brain surgery.

Social care reforms

Funds generated by the higher National Insurance rate are also expected to be put toward overhauling social care in England.

Sky News reported that the reforms will include a cap on how much individuals pay for care during their lifetime, limiting the amount to £86,000, although this may not include the price of accommodation in nursing homes.

Currently, people in England must pay for their own care if they have savings and assets of more than £23,350, meaning social care is rarely state-funded. That threshold is expected to rise to around £100,000 under the reforms, according to Sky.

A shake-up of the country's social care system has been long-awaited, with people often being forced to sell their homes in order to meet the costs of care.

In his first speech as prime minister in 2019, Johnson said his government would "fix the crisis in social care once and for all," vowing to "give every older person the dignity and security they deserve."

Backlash

However, the prime minister's plans have been met with criticism from some lawmakers in his own Conservative Party, many of whom claim that it would break promises the party made before being elected to form a majority government.

Ahead of the country's last general election in 2019, Johnson made a promise in the Conservative manifesto not to raise the rate of income tax, VAT or National Insurance.

Leader of the House of Commons Jacob Rees-Mogg wrote in his column for the Sunday Express at the weekend that Johnson's U-turn on taxes could cost the Conservatives votes. Drawing on former U.S. President George H.W. Bush's famous quote: "Read my lips: no new taxes," Rees-Mogg argued that "voters remembered those words after President Bush had forgotten them."

Business Secretary Kwasi Kwarteng, Trade Secretary Liz Truss and Justice Secretary Robert Buckland are also said to be concerned about the plans, as are many Conservative lawmakers who are not members of Johnson's Cabinet, the Guardian reported.

Source: Read Full Article